Two Different Types of Text Advertising
Okay, here’s the good news first!
Like AdSense, the vast majority of the AdSense alternatives listed on this website are free to use.
In most cases, again like the ubiquitous Google program, you simply sign up for an account, and, once it is approved, you can start using adverts from the program on your site.
There are essentially two types of contextual and textual adverts available.
There are those that are direct competitors to Google that often use almost exactly the same formats as Google and place adverts on your site in exactly the same way.
For example, here is what a 728×90 ‘leaderboard’ advertising block from Google looks like:

and this is the demo sample taken from one of the most popular direct rivals sites BidVertiser, showing how the same size leaderboard ad panel would look.

Taking into account that the border has been deliberately removed in the Google sample and the text color changed, basically, the two ads are to all intents and purposes identical.
They work in a similar way too, although they are NOT exactly the same, as you shall see later.
The other type of text ads that are common are ’in-text’ ads, ones that actually appear in the body of the content text of the page itself. An example might look like this:
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where the link in the text will take you to the advertisers site when it is clicked, or in some cases rolled over. This type of link is often double-underlined to ensure that it stands out prominently.